Biomolecules

Short Answer Type

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What are the different types of RNA found in the cells of organisms? State the functions of each type.

There are three types of RNA found in the cells:
(i) Messenger RNA (mRNA): It provides a template for assembling amino acids in polypeptide chains. It carries the information transmitted from DNA.

(ii) Transfer RNA (tRNA): It carries the amino acids to mRNA template and also helps the mRNA to recognise the amino acids. Thus, tRNA molecules serve both as carrier of amino acids and interpreter of genetic code.

(iii) Ribosomal RNA (rRNA): It is an integral part of ribosomes that also takes part in protein synthesis. About 75% of cellular component of RNA is r-RNA.

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