What is the difference between local and general anaesthetics? Name one chemical used in each case.
A local anaesthetic is those drugs which produce loss of sensation in a small area where the drug is applied. Local anaesthetics are used for small surgical operations like tooth extraction, stitching of a wound etc.
Example: Cocaine, novocaine and xylocaine.
General anaesthetics are compounds used to produce unconsciousness and muscular relaxation, sufficient to allow the performance of surgical operations. Common local anaesthetics are ethyl chloride (used in spray form) procaine (used in an injection) etc.
Name the action of the following on the human body:
(a) Aspirin
(b) Penicillin
(c) Phenacetin
(d) Morphine
(e) Analgin
(f) Laminal
(g) Sarconal
(h) Streptomycin.
How are antiseptics distinguished from disinfectants? Give two examples of each of the substances.
Give one important use of each of the following:
(i) Bithional
(ii) Chloroamphenicol
(iii) Streptomycin
(iv) Paracetamol.
Describe the following with suitable examples of chemicals:
(i) Antipyretics
(ii) Antiseptics
(iii) Tranquilizers
(iv) Wide spectrum antibiotics
