The d-And-f-Block Elements

Short Answer Type

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Why are the absorption bonds of lanthanoids narrow

Absorption bonds of lanthanoids narrow because of the  shielding of the 4f orbitals by the filled 5s2 and 5p6 sub-shells.

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    Why are transition metals able to form alloys?

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    How is the variability in the oxidation states of transition metals different from that of the nontransition metals? Illustrate with examples.

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    Assign reasons for the following:
    The enthalpies of atomisation of transition metals are high.

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    Long Answer Type

    What are paramagnetic and ferromagnetic substances? Account for the paramagnetic character of transition metal compounds. How does the paramagnetic character of the bivalent ions of first transition metal series vary from titanium (Z = 22) to copper (Z = 29)?
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    Short Answer Type

    In what way are the observed oxidation states of the lanthanides related to their electronic configurations?

     
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    Why the transition element series show fewer oxidation states at their extreme ends e.g., Sc, Ti, Ni and Cu.
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    Long Answer Type

    Describe the general characteristics of the transition elements with special reference to their tendency to:
    (i)    Exhibit paramagnetism.
    (ii)    Form complex compounds.
    (iii)    Their catalytic behaviour.

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    Short Answer Type

    What is the reason for the decreasing tendency to form divalent cation across the series as indicated by the decreasing E°M2+ /M values?
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    What are inner transition elements? Write their general electronic configuration.
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