Conflict is a process in which either an individual or a group perceives that others (individual or group) have opposing interests, and both try to contradict each other. The causes of the conflict are as under:

a) Lack of communication or faulty communication from both parties

b) Members of a group compare themselves with members of another group, they feel that they are not doing well in comparison to other groups.

c) One group believes that they are better than the other.

d) A desire for retaliation for some harm done in the past could be another reason for conflict.

e) Perceived inequity is another reason for conflict. One group may feel that they are working more than the other group and getting rewarded less in comparison to them.

The following strategies can be adopted for resolution of conflict:

a) Altering perceptions: Conflicts can also be reduced by altering perceptions and reactions through persuasion, educational and media appeals, and portrayal of groups differently in society.

b) Increasing intergroup contacts: Conflict can also be reduced by increasing contacts between the groups. This can be done by involving groups in conflict on neutral grounds through community projects and events.

c) Negotiations: Conflict can also be resolved through negotiations and third party interventions. Negotiation refers to reciprocal communications so as to reach an agreement in situations in which there is a conflict. The mediators can be helpful in focusing on the issue and take the discussion to a joint agreement.