Which of the following causes an increase in sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule?

• Increase in aldosterone levels

• Increase in antidiuretic hormone levels

• Decrease in aldosterone levels

• Decrease in aldosterone levels

Which one of the following statements is not correct?

• Retinal is the light absorbing portion of visual photopigments

• In retina, the rods have the photopigments rhodopsin, while cones have three different photopigments

• Retinal is a derivative of vitamin -C 

• Retinal is a derivative of vitamin -C 

To obtain virus - free healthy plants from a diseased one by tissue culture technique, which part/parts of the diseased plant will be taken?

• Apical meristem only

• Palisade parenchyma

• Both apical and axillary meristems

• Both apical and axillary meristems

Select the correct matching of the type of the joint with the example in human skeletal system

• Types of joint	Example
  Cartilaginous joint	Between frontal and parietal

• Types of joint	Example
  Pivot joint	Between third and fourth cervical vertebrae

• Types of joint	Example
  Hinge joint	Between humerus and pectoral girdle

• Types of joint	Example
  Hinge joint	Between humerus and pectoral girdle

How do parasympathetic neural signals affect the working of the heart?

• Reduce both heart rate and cardiac output

• heart rate is increased without affecting the cardiac output

• Both heart rate and cardiac output increase

• Both heart rate and cardiac output increase

• Both A and B antigens on RBC but no antibodies in the plasma

• Both A and B antibodies in the plasma

• No antigen or RBC and no antibody in the plasma

• No antigen or RBC and no antibody in the plasma

Identify the hormone with its correct matching of source and function.

• Oxytocin - posterior pituitary, growth and maintenance of mammary glands.

• Melatonin - pineal gland, regulates the normal rhythm of sleep-wake cycle

• Progesterone - corpus luteum, stimulation of growth and activities of female secondary sex organs

• Progesterone - corpus luteum, stimulation of growth and activities of female secondary sex organs

Fight or flight reactions cause activation of 

• the parathyroid glands, leading to increased metabolic rate

• the kidney, leading to suppression of reninangiotensin - aldosterone pathway 

• the adrenal medulla, leading to increased secretion epinephrine and norepinephrine

• the adrenal medulla, leading to increased secretion epinephrine and norepinephrine

Stimulation of a muscle fibre by a motor neuron occurs at

• the neuromuscular junction

• the transverse tubules

• the myofibril

• the myofibril

Injury localised to the hypothalamus would most likely disrupt

• short term memory

• coordination during locomotion

• executive function, such as decision making 

• executive function, such as decision making