According to Piaget, which one of the following factors plays an important role in influencing development?

• Experience with the physical world

• Imitation

• Reinforcement

• Language

__________ is a process through which a human infant begins to acquire the necessary skills to perform as a functioning member of the society.

• Learning

• Maturation

• Development

• Socialisation

The cognitive ability that comes in pre-operational period is

• ability of goal-directed behaviour

• ability to take other's perspective

• hypothetico-deductive thinking

• ability for abstract thinking

Which one of the following is a correctly matched pair?

• Good boy and good girl orientation-One earns approval by being nice

• Law and order orientation-Ethical principles are self-chosen on the basis of the value of human rights

• Social contract orientation-Physical consequences of an action determine whether it is good or bad

• Punishment and obedience orientation-Laws are not fixed, but can be changed for the good of society

The concept of 'private speech' of children as proposed by Vygotsky

• shows that children love themselves

• illustrates that children use speech to guide their own actions

• shows that children are stupid and thus need guidance of adults

• illustrates that children are egocentric

According to Vygotsky, learning cannot be separated from

• reinforcement

• a measurable change in behaviour

• perception and attentional processes

• its social context

Progressive education entails that the classroom is

• authoritarian, where the teacher dictates and the students follow meekly

• free for all with the teacher absent from it

• in full control of the teacher, who is dictatorial

• democratic and there is space given to children for understanding

Which one of the following illustrates a person with linguistic intelligence?

• Sensitivity to pitch, melody, and tone

• The ability to notice and make distinctions among others

• The ability to handle long chains of reasoning

• Sensitivity to the meaning and order of words and the varied uses of language

Language _______ thought processes.

• totally governs our

• has an influence on our

• cannot determine the

• does not influence the

A textbook of Class VIII has following illustrations women as teachers and maids while men as doctors-and pilots.This type of depiction is likely to promote

• gender role play

• gender constancy

• gender empowerment

• gender stereotyping