Explain the circumstances under which Gandhiji decided to call off the Civil Disobedience Movement in 1931.
The circumstances were-
(i) When Abdul Ghaffar Khan, a devout disciple of Gandhi, was arrested in 1930, angry crowds demonstrated in the streets of Peshawar, facing armoured cars and police firing. This led to violent clashes.
(ii) When Gandhi himself arrested, Industrial workers at Sholapur attacked all structures that symbolised British rule.
(iii) The government responded with a policy of brutal repression. Peaceful satyagrahis were attacked and about 100,000 people were arrested.
Two features (1) and (2) are marked in the given political outline map of India. Identify these features with the help of the following information and write their correct names on the lines marked in the map:
(1) The place, where the Indian National Congress Session of September 1920 was held.
(2) The place, where the movement of Indigo Planters took place.
OR
Locate and label the following features with appropriate symbols on the same political outline map of India.
(i) Amritsar − The place of Jallianwala Bagh incident.
(ii) Bardoli − The place were no tax campaign was held.
How did the plantation workers understand the idea of ‘Swaraj’? Explain.
Why did Gandhiji decide to launch a nationwide Satyagraha against the proposed Rowlatt Act, 1919? Explain.
Describe the main features of the 'Salt March'.
