ઇન્દિરા ગાંધી ભારતની પ્રથમ મહિલા વડાપ્રધાન.
‘ઈન્ડિયા ઈઝ ઇન્દિરા’ ના ક્યારેક દેશમાં નારા લગતા હતા.
અટલ બિહારી બાજપાઈએ તેમને ક્યારેક ‘દુર્ગા’ નું બિરુદ આપેલું.
ક્યારેક એવું કહેવાતું કે ‘આખી કેબિનેટમાં માત્ર ઇન્દિરા જ ‘મર્દ’ છે.
આવી અનેક વખાણવાલાયક યાદો સાથે ઈમરજન્સીની યાદ પણ શ્રીમતી ગાંધી સાથે જોડાયેલી છે.
કટોકટી પછી જનતા સરકાર
1975 માં દેશમાં કટોકટી લાદવામાં આવી. અને 1977 માં ઇન્દિરાજીએ ચૂંટણી જાહેર કરી.
કટોકટીના આઘાતથી જનતાએ ઇન્દિરાને જાકારો આપ્યો એટલું જ નહીં તે પોતે પણ ચૂંટણી હારી ગયા.
24 માર્ચ 1977 ના દિવસે મોરારજીભાઇ દેસાઈના વડાપ્રધાન પદ હેઠળ જનતા સરકારની રચના થઈ.
સરકારના બધા નહીં તો મોટાભાગના સભ્યો કટોકટી વખતે ઇન્દિરા ગાંધીની જ્યાદતિઓના શિકાર બનેલા.
સ્વાભાવિક રીતે પોતાના જેલવાસનો બદલો લેવાની રાજકીય ઇચ્છાથી તેમણે શ્રીમતી ગાંધી સામે કાર્યવાહી શરૂ કરી.
જનતા સરકારના કેટલાક મંત્રીઓ વહેલામાં વહેલા ઇન્દિરાને જેલમાં જોવા માંગતા હતા પણ આંતર વિરોધનાં શમનમાં જ ઘણો સમય વહી ગયો હતો.
આખરે સપ્ટેમ્બર 1977 દરમિયાન યોજનાને આખરી રૂપ અપાયું પણ ગાંધી જયંતી બાદ અમલ કરવાનું નક્કી થયું.
મૂળમાં મોરારજીભાઇ આ બાબતના તદન વિરુદ્ધ હતા, પણ તેમને સમજાવવામાં આવ્યું કે પૂરતા પુરાવા છે. તેમણે પણ અંતે છૂટ આપી.
ઇન્દિરા ગાંધી ની ધરપકડ – એક પોલિટિકલ બ્લંન્ડર
- યોજનાબધ્ધ રીતે આરોપ ધડાવમાં આવ્યા. પોલિટિકલ કરપ્શનના ગુન્હા માટે તેમની ધરપકડ કરવાનું નક્કી થયું.
- ચૌધરી ચરણસિંહ તત્કાલિન ગૃહમંત્રી, રીઢા રાજકારણીએ હતા અને વિષયની ગંભીરતા સમજતા હતા.
- કામ પાર પાડવા ખાસ અધિકારી N K Singh સુપરિટેન્ડન્ટ ઓફ પોલીસ (CBI) ના સંપર્કમાં રહી ચરણસિંહે યોજના ફાઇનલ કરી.
- 3 ઓકટોબરની બપોરે બરાબર 3:00 વાગે CBI અધિકારીએ પોતાના માણસોને ફોન કરી ખાત્રી કરી કે કેમ વાર થઈ રહી છે?
- જવાબ હતો – અમે તૈયાર છીએ પણ લોકલ પોલીસ થોડો વધારે સમય માંગે છે.
- બરાબર 4:55 વાગે CBI અધિકારીઓએ શ્રીમતી ગાંધીના દરવાજે તેમના સહાયકને કહ્યું ” અમે તેમને પ્રિવેન્શન ઓફ કરપ્શન એક્ટની કલમ 5 (2) હેઠળ ધરપકડ કરવા આવ્યા છીએ.”
- સંજય ગાંધી તરત જ દરવાજા બહાર આવ્યા. એજ સમયે ચરણસિહે FIR કોપી જોતાં જ સમજી ગયા કે જે આરોપ હેઠળ ધરપકડ થઈ રહી છે, તે આરોપ તેમાં નથી. તેમને CBI અધિકારીને ફોન પણ કર્યો પણ ખબર પડી કે માણસો શ્રીમતી ગાંધીના ઘેર પહોચી ગયા છે.
- પોલીસ અધિકારીઓએ ઇન્દિરાજીને એક કલાકનો સમય આપ્યો અને તેમણે ફટાફટ બધે ફોન જોડી દીધા. મેનકા, સંજય, એ પછી તેમના સાથીઓ કામે લાગી ગયા અને ખબર દાવાનળની જેમ ફેલાઈ ગયી.
- ધરપકડ સજાની જગ્યાએ સહાનુભૂતિનો અવસર બની ગયો. સરઘસની જેમ તેમને લઈ જવામાં આવ્યા. કાર્યકરોની મોટી ફોજની હાજરીમાં સૂત્રોચ્ચાર વચ્ચે તે કસ્ટડીમાં ગયાં.
- લોકોએ સરઘસ કાઢ્યા અને લાઠીચાર્જ અને ટિયરગેસ પણ વાપરવો પડ્યો.
બીજા જ દિવસે 4 ઓકટોબરે જ્યુડિશિયલ મેજીસ્ટ્રેટે તેમને બિનશરતી છોડી મૂકવાનો હુકમ કર્યો.
આ પછી પણ જે આરોપો લગાડવામાં આવેલા તે કદી સાબિત કરી શકાયા નહીં.
આ ધરપકડ સરકાર માટે બ્લન્ડર સાબિત થયું. કારણ કે તેનાથી ઇન્દિરા ગાંધી પ્રત્યે સહાનુભૂતિનું વાતાવરણ ઊભું થયું. અને આગામી ચુંટણીમાં લોકોએ તેમની તરફેણમાં લોક ચુકાદો આપ્યો અને તે ફરીથી વડાપ્રધાનની ખુરશીમાં બેસી શક્યા.
ઉતાવળમાં અને રાજકીય બદલાની ભાવનાથી સરકારો કેવી ભૂલો કરે છે તેનું આ ઉત્તમ ઉદાહરણ છે.
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