Structure Of The Atom

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Elements having a same atomic number but different atomic masses are known as Isotopes.

Example – Carbon-12, Carbon-13, Carbon-14 are thee isotopes of a carbon atom.

Hydrogen -1 , Deuterium – 2, Tritium -3 are three isotopes of hydrogen.

Use of Isotopes:

1. Carbon – 14 is used in carbon dating.
2. An isotope of uranium is used as fuel in the nuclear reactor.
3. An isotope of cobalt is used in the treatment of cancer.
4. An isotope of iodine is used in the treatment of goitre.

Atoms having same atomic mass and different atomic numbers are known as Isobars.

Example – Argon and calcium.

The elements have a same atomic mass equal to 40 but different atomic numbers, i.e. argon has an atomic number equal to 18 and calcium has an atomic number equal to 20.