Measuring the Rate of Motion | Motion | Notes | Summary - Zigya

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Motion

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Measuring the Rate of Motion

Motion can be measured in different ways i.e.,

  1. Speed
  2. Velocity
  3. Acceleration

 

Speed With Direction

Speed: A speed of a body is defined as the distance travelled by a body per unit time.

speed space equals space fraction numerator distance space travelled over denominator time space taken end fraction
Or
straight v space equals space straight s over straight t

Speed is a scalar quantity.

SI Unit of speed ms-1

Uniform Speed: When a body travels equal distances in equal intervals of time, the speed of the body is said to be uniform.

Non-uniform Speed: When a body travels unequal distances in equal intervals of time, the speed of the body is said to be non-uniform.

Average speed: For non-uniform motion, the average speed will describe one single value of speed throughout the motion of the body.

Average space speed space equals space fraction numerator Total space distance over denominator Total space time space taken end fraction

Velocity: Velocity of a body is the distance travelled by the body in unit time in a given direction.

Velocity space equals space Displacement over Time

Velocity is a vector quantity. Its value changes when either its magnitude or direction changes.

SI Unit of velocity ms-1

For non-uniform motion in a given line, average velocity will be calculated in the same way as done in average speed.

Average space velocity space equals space fraction numerator Total space distance over denominator Total space time space taken end fraction

Average velocity: For uniformly changing velocity, the average velocity can be calculated as follows :

average space velocity space equals space fraction numerator initial space velocity space plus space final space velocity over denominator 2 end fraction
straight v subscript av space equals space fraction numerator straight u space plus space straight v over denominator 2 end fraction

Here u = initial velocity
v = final velocity

 

 

 

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