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Amines

Long Answer Type

181.

Identify the substances A and B in each of the following sequences of reactions:

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Short Answer Type

182.

Identify the substances A and B in each of the following sequences of reactions:
CH₃CONH₂ is a weaker base than CH₃CH₂NH₂

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183.

ROH is a stronger acid than RNH₂.

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184.

Show how p-amino azobenzene can be prepared from aniline?

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185.

Explain the following reactions by taking one suitable example in each case:
Hoffmann's bromamide reaction.

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186.

Explain the following reactions by taking one suitable example in each case:
Gattermann’s reaction.

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187.

How is ethylamine prepared from acetonitrile? Compare its basic character with that of ammonia.

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Long Answer Type

188.
How is aniline prepared commercially? Describe carbylamines test for primary amines.

Aniline is prepared commercially by the reduction of nitrobenzene using iron and hydrochloric acid.

Because of the presence of hydrochloric acid in the reaction mixture actually aniline hydrochloride (C₆H₅NH₃⁺Cl^-) is obtained. This on treatment with aqueous sodium carbonate gives aniline.

Carbylamine test for primary amines:
Primary amines, both aliphatic and aromatic, give carbylamines having a pungent smell, when heated with chloroform and alcoholic potash.