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Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

Short Answer Type

121. What is the significance of Lewis symbol? How do these help in finding the valency of an element?

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Long Answer Type

122.

What is an ionic bond? How is it formed? Illustrate with suitable examples.

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123.

Draw the Lewis structures for the following molecules and ions:
$straight H subscript 2 straight S comma space space SiCl subscript 4 comma space space BeF subscript 2 comma space space CO subscript 3 superscript 2 minus end superscript comma space space HCOOH$

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Short Answer Type

124.

Use Lewis symbols to show electron transfer between the following atoms to form cations and anions:
(a) K and S, (b) Ca and O (c) Al and N

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Long Answer Type

125. Discuss the factors which favour the formation of ionic bond.

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Short Answer Type

126.
Define lattice enthalpy. How is it violated to the stability of an ionic compound?

The lattice enthalpy (lattice energy) of an ionic solid is defined as the enthalpy required to completely separate one mole of a solid ionic compound into gaseous constituent ions. e.g. the lattice enthalpy of NaCl is 788 kJ mol^–1. This means that 788 kJ of enthalpy is required to separate an infinite distance I mol of solid NaCl into 1 mol of Na⁺ (s) and one mole of Cl^– (g).

The greater the lattice enthalpy, more stable is the ionic compound.

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