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151. The gas phase decomposition of dimethyl ether follows first order kinetics:
CH₃ – O CH₃ (g) → CH₄ (g) + H₂(g) + CO(g)
The reaction is carried out in a constant volume container at 500°C and has a half life of 14.5 minutes. Initially only dimethyl ether is present at a present of 0.40 atmosphere. What is the total pressure of the system after 12 minutes?
(Assume ideal gas behaviour).

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152. The half-life for radioactive decay of

14_{C}

is 5730 years. An archaeological artifact containing wood had only 80% of the

{}^{14}C

activity found in living tree. Estimate the age of the sample or calculate the age of the artefact.

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153. During nuclear explosion, one of the products is ⁹⁰Sr with half-life of 28.1 Years. If 1 μg of ⁹⁰Sr was absorbed in the bones of a newly born baby instead of calcium, how much of it will remain after 10 years and 60 years if it is not lost metabolically.

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Short Answer Type

154. A first order decomposition reaction takes 40 minutes for 30% of decomposition. Calculate t_1/2 value for it.

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Long Answer Type

155. For first order reaction show that time required for 99% completion is twice the time required for the completion of 90% of reaction.

For the first order reaction, time required for 99% completion.

t_{1 / 2} = \frac{2.303}{t} \log \frac{a}{a - x}

Ist case

a = 100 % x = 90 %, (a - x) = 100 - 90 = 10 %

t_{90 %} = \frac{2.303}{k} \log \frac{100}{10} = \frac{2.303}{k} \log 10 t_{90 %} = \frac{2.303}{k} . . . (i)

IInd case

a = 100 % x = 99 %, (a - x) = (100 - 99) = 1 % t_{12} = \frac{2.303}{k} \log \frac{100}{1} = \frac{2.303}{k} \times 2

t_{99 %} = \frac{2.303}{k} \times 2

...(ii)

Dividing eqn. (ii) by eqn. (i)

\frac{t_{99 %}}{t_{90 %}} = \frac{2.303}{k} \times 2 \times \frac{k}{2.303} = 2

Hence, time required for 99% completion is twice for the time required for the completion of 90% reaction.

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Short Answer Type

156. A first order reaction has a specific reaction rate of 2.31 x 10^–3 sec^–1. Calculate the half-life period of the reaction.

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157. The difference in energy of activation for uncatalysed reaction and catalysed reaction is 20 kJ/mol. How many times the rate constant of catalysed reaction will increase over the uncatalysed reaction?

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158. Show that the time required for the completion of 3/4th reaction of first order is twice the time required for completion of 1/2 of the reaction.

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159. If half-life of a first order reaction involving reactant A is 5 min. How long will it take [A] to react 25% of its initial concentration?

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160. A first order reaction is 15% complete in 20 minutes. How long will it take to be 60% completed ?

695 Views