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Chemistry in Everyday Life

Short Answer Type

121.

What is the difference between local and general anaesthetics? Name one chemical used in each case.

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122.

What is paracetamol? What medicinal effect does it produce in the human body?

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123.

Give the structure of sulphadiazine. Mention its uses.

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Long Answer Type

124. What are narcotics?

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125.
How are antiseptics distinguished from disinfectants? Give two examples of each of the substances.

Antiseptics	Disinfectants
1. Can kill or prevent the growth of micro-organisms.	1. Can kill micro-organisms.
2. Do not harm the living tissue. Therefore, these can be applied to the skin.	2. Toxic to the living tissues. Therefore these cannot be applied to the skin.
3. These are used for the dressing of wounds, ulcers and in the treatment of diseased skin.	3. These are used for disinfecting floors, toilets drains, instruments etc.
Example: 1. Dettol 2. 2-3% iodine solution of alcohol-water.	Example: 1. DDT 2. BHC.

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126.

Describe the following with suitable examples of chemicals:
(i) Antipyretics
(ii) Antiseptics
(iii) Tranquilizers
(iv) Wide spectrum antibiotics

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127.

Name the action of the following on the human body:
(a) Aspirin
(b) Penicillin
(c) Phenacetin
(d) Morphine
(e) Analgin
(f) Laminal
(g) Sarconal
(h) Streptomycin.

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