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Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties

Short Answer Type

101. Define atomic size or atomic radius of an element. Why is it not possible to determine its absolute value?

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Long Answer Type

102.

What do you mean by covalent radius?

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103.

How do atomic radius vary in a period and in a group? How do you explain the variation?

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Short Answer Type

104.

Why do the noble gas elements have exceptionally high atomic radii?
Or
In a period, generally the size of the atom decreases with rise in atomic number, but at the end of each period, atomic size of the noble gas increases abruptly. Why is it so?

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Long Answer Type

105. Define vander Waal’s radius and compare it with covalent radius.

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Short Answer Type

106.

Atomic radii of noble gases are essentially the vander Waal's radii. Comment.

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107.
What is ionic radius?

Ionic radius may be defined as the effective distance from the centre of the nucleus of the ion to which it exerts its influence on its electron cloud, The internuclear distance in any ionic compound is determined from X-ray measurements. This distance is then taken equal to the sum of the radii of positive and negative ions involved. Thus, if we know the radius of one ion, that of the other ion can be calculated.

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