Short Answer Type
Long Answer TypeWhat are successive ionisation enthalpies? Explain why the second ionisation enthalpy is higher than the first ionisation enthalpy?
Short Answer TypeWhat are the various factors due to which the ionization enthalpy of the main group elements tends to decrease down a group?
Why does the first ionsiation enthalpy increase as we go from left to right through a period of the periodic table?
Or
How does ionisation enthalpy vary along a period?
In general, ionisation enthalpy increases as we move from left to right across a period.
Reason:
We know that on moving across the period from left to right.
(i) the nuclear charge increases,
(ii) progressive addition of electrons occurs in the same enthalpy level and
(iii) atomic size decreases.
Thus, due to the gradual increase in nuclear charge and the simultaneous decrease in atomic size, the valence electrons are more and more tightly held by the nucleus. Therefore, more and more enthalpy is needed to remove the electron and hence ionisation enthalpy keeps on increasing.
Why ionsiation enthalpy of N is more than that of O even though oxygen has higher nuclear charge than nitrogen?
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