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Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties

Short Answer Type

141. Explain why difference in IE, and IE₂ values of sodium is more than that of magnesium.

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142.

Energy of an electron in the ground state of the hydrogen atom is -2.18 X 10^-18J. Calculate the ionization enthalpy of atomic hydrogen in terms of J mol^-1.

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Long Answer Type

143. Would you expect the second electron gain enthalpy of O as positive, more negative or less negative than the first? Justify your answer.
Or
What are successive electron gain enthalpies? Explain why second or higher electron gain enthalpy will have positive value.

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Short Answer Type

144.

Discuss in brief the factors which influence the magnitude of electron gain enthalpy.

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145.

How does electron gain enthalpy vary along a group?

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146.

How does electron gain enthalpy vary along a period?

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147.

Why do halogens have very higher value of electron gain enthalpy?

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148.
Why do noble gases have large positive electron gain enthalpies?

Noble gases have large positive electron gain enthalpies because the electron has to enter the next-higher principal quantum level leading to a very unstable electronic configuration.

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