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Equilibrium

Short Answer Type

51. Can equilibrium be achieved between water and its vapour in an open vessel? Explain your answer and say what happens eventually.

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Long Answer Type

52. A vessel has two compartments connected at the top. In one compartment (B), radioactive methyl iodide (CH₃I) is placed and in the other (A) normal methyl iodide (CH₃I) is placed. Will the vaporus over (A) and (B) become radioactive?
Will the radioactivity spread to the liquid in the compartment A? Discuss in terms of dynamic nature of the equilibrium between vapours and its liquid.

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53. A liquid is in equilibrium with its vapours in a sealed container at a fixed temperature. The volume of the container is suddenly increased.

(i) What is the initial effect of the change on the vapour pressure?

(ii) How do the rates of evaporation and condensation change pressure?

(iii) What happens when equilibrium is restored finally and what will be the Final vapour pressure?

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54. What are reversible and irreversible reactions? Give examples.

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55. Write a short note on the concept of chemical equilibrium.

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56. How will you recognise the equilibrium state?

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Short Answer Type

57. A reversible reaction attains equilibrium of dynamic nature. Explain.

A reversible reaction attains equilibrium of dynamic nature and not of static nature. The fact that the properties of a system become constant at the equilibrium stage may give the impression that both the forward and backward processes stop altogether. This, however, is not true. At equilibrium, the forward and backward reaction go at equal speeds, but do not stop. The rate of formation of the products exactly equals to the rate of formation of reactants again. As a result, the concentration of the reactants and products and other properties of the system remain unchanged. Thus the equilibrium is dynamic in nature.

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