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Equilibrium

Long Answer Type

271.

Explain common in effect.

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272.

Discuss the salt hydrolysis in the following cases:
(i) Salts of strong acid and strong base
(ii) Salts of strong acid and weak base
(iii) Salts of weak acid and strong base
(iv) Salts of weak acid and weak base.

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Short Answer Type

273. predict if the solutions of the following salts are neutral, acidic or basic : NaCl, KBr, NaCN, NH₄NO₃, NaNO₂ and KF.

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Long Answer Type

274.

Explain the following terms:
(i) Hydrolysis constant
(ii) Degree of hydrolysis.

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275.

Derive the relation, $straight K subscript straight h space equals space straight K subscript straight w over straight K subscript straight b space$ in the case of hydrolysis of salts of strong acids and weak acids.

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276.

Show that for an aqueous solution of a salt of weak base and strong acid $straight alpha space equals space square root of straight K subscript straight w over straight K subscript straight b. straight c end subscript end root$ where $straight alpha$ is the degree of hydrolysis.

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Short Answer Type

277.

Derive an expression for the degree of hydrolysis of NH₄Cl.

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Long Answer Type

278. Show that for an aqueous solution of a salt of weak base and strong acid,

pH space equals space minus log space square root of straight K subscript wc over straight K subscript straight b end root

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279.
Derive the relations:
$straight K subscript straight h space equals space straight K subscript straight w over straight K subscript straight a$
for a solution of a salt of weak acid and strong base.

Consider the hydrolysis of a simple salt of a weak acid with a strong base i.e. BA. The hydrolysis of BA may be represented as:

The hydrolysis constant K_h is given by

For the weak acid HA, the dissociation equilibrium is

i.e. Hydrolysis constant is inversely proportional to the dissociation constant K_a of the weak acid. Weaker the acid, the greater is the hydrolysis constant of the salt.

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