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Haloalkanes and Haloarenes

Short Answer Type

251.

Write the structure of the major organic product in each of the following reactions:
$CH subscript 3 CH left parenthesis Br right parenthesis CH subscript 2 CH subscript 3 plus NaOH space space rightwards arrow with Water on top$

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252. Write the structure of the major organic product in each of the following reactions:

CH subscript 3 CH subscript 2 Br plus space KCN space space rightwards arrow

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253. Write the structure of the major organic product in each of the following reactions:

straight C subscript 6 straight H subscript 5 ONa space plus space straight C subscript 2 straight H subscript 5 Cl space rightwards arrow

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254. Write the structure of the major organic product in each of the following reactions:

CH subscript 3 CH subscript 2 CH space equals space CH space plus space HBr space rightwards arrow with Peroxide on top

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255. Write the structure of the major organic product in each of the following reactions:

CH subscript 3 CH space equals space straight C left parenthesis CH subscript 3 right parenthesis subscript 2 space plus space HBr space space rightwards arrow

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256. p-Dichlorobenzene has higher melting point and solubility than those of o- and m-isomer. Discuss.

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257. The treatment of alkyl chlorides with aqueous KOH leads to the formation of alcohols but in presence of alcoholic KOH alkenes are major products. Explain.

Aqueous KOH contains only OH^-ions, which acts as nucleophile and these bring about hydrolysis of alkyl chlorides to the corresponding alcohol.

On the other hand, alcoholic KOH contains ethoxide ions (C₂H₅O^–), which are more basic than OH ions. Consequently, the ethoxide ions preferentially brings about dehydro halogenation to form alkenes e.g.,