Long Answer Type
Short Answer TypeOut of benzene, m-dinitrobenzene and toluene which will undergo nitration most easily and why?
How will you explain the directive influence of alkyl group (in the case of toluene)?
How will you explain the directive influence of –NH2 group (in the case of aniline)?
The lone pair present on the nitrogen atom is in resonance or conjugation with the 
electrons present in the ring. As a result, the ortho and para positions in the ring become the points of high electron density or negatively charged. The new entering group (electrophile) will prefer to attack at the ortho and para position rather than the meta position. 
Arrange the following set of compounds in order of their decreasing relative reactivity with an electrophile E+:
(a) Chlorobenzene; 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene, p- nitro chlorobenzene
Long Answer TypeShort Answer TypeLong Answer TypeDiscuss measures for the control of pollution problems with special reference to the use of C.N.G.
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