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91. Define the following terms:
Molarity

Answer:

Molarity: The concentration expressed as the moles of solute per litre of solution is the molarity. It is denoted by M.

Molarity = \frac{Mass of solute}{Litres of solution} = \frac{n_{B}}{V}

A solution of one molar concentration is represented by 1 M, a two molar solution by 2 M and a one tenth molar solar solution is represented by 0.1 M.

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92. Define the following terms:
Mass percentage.

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93. What role does the molecular interaction play in solution of alcohol and water?

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94. Why do gases always tend to be less soluble in liquids as the temperature is raised?

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Long Answer Type

95. State Henry’s law and mention some important applications.

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96. What is meant by positive and negative deviations from Raoult’s law and how is the sign of Δ_mix H related to positive and negative deviations Raoult’s law?

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Short Answer Type

97. Methanol is soluble in water but insoluble in octane. Explain briefly.

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98. Given below is the sketch of a plant for carrying out a process.

(i) Name the process occurring in the above plant.
(ii) To which container does the net flow of solvent take place?
(iii) Name one SPM which can be used in this plant.
(iv) Give one potential use of the plant.

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Long Answer Type

99. Prove that the relative lowering of vapour pressure is equal to the mole fraction of non-volatile solute in the solution.

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Short Answer Type

100. Explain why freezing point of a solvent is lowered on dissolving a non-volatile solute into it? Give an important application of the phenomenon of depression in freezing point.

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