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The Solid State

Short Answer Type

21. What type of stoichiometric defect is shown by
(i) ZnS, (ii) AgBr (iii) KCl

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22. Explain how vacancies are introduced in an ionic solid when a cation of higher valence is added as an impurity in it.

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23. Ionic solids, which have anionic vacancies due to metal excess defect, develop colour. Explain with the help of a suitale example.

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24. A group 14 element is to be converted into N-type semi-conductor by doping it with a suitable impurity. To which group should this impurity belong?

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25. What type of substances would make better permanent magnets, ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic, justify your answer.

Ferromagnetic substances would make better permanent magnets.In solid state, the metal ions of ferromagnetic substances are grouped together into small regions called domains. Thus, each domain acts as a tiny magnet. In an unmagnetised piece of a ferromagnetic substance the domains are randomly oriented and their magnetic moments get cancelled. When the substance is placed in a magnetic field all the domains get oriented in the direction of the magnetic field and a strong magnetic effect is produced. This ordering of domains persist even when the magnetic field is removed and the ferromagnetic substance becomes a permanent magnet.

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26. how many the number of tetrahedral and octahedral voids are present in a cubic close packed structure of A spheres?

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27. What would be the number of tetrahedral and octahedral voids,In a face centred cubic unit cell (i.e., ccp structure) 4 atoms/ions are present?

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28. What type of point defect in a crystal of zinc sulphate?

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29. A cubic solid is made of two elements Y and Z. Atoms of Z are at the corners of the cube and Y at the body centre. What is the formula of the compound?

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30. MgO has rock salt type structure. What is the co-ordination number of each ion?

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