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The Solid State

Short Answer Type

101. Why is potassium chloride sometimes violet instead of pure white.

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102. What is the coordination number of each type of ions in a rock-salt type crystal structure?

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103. What is the total number of atoms per unit cell in a face-centred cubic (fcc) structure?

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104. What type of substances exhibits anti-ferromagnetism?

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105. Define the term ‘amorphous’. Give a few examples of amorphous solids.

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106. What makes a glass different from a solid such as quartz? Under what conditions could quartz be converted into glass?

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107. Classify each of the following solids as ionic, metallic, molecular, network (covalent) or amorphous:

(i) Tetra phosphorous decoxide (P₄O₁₀)

(ii) Ammonium phosphate (NH₄)₃PO₄

(iii) SiC

(iv) I₂

(v) P₄

(vi) Plastic

(vii) Graphite

(viii) Brass

(ix) Rb

(x) LiBr

(xi) Si

Solution:

(i) Tetra phosphorous decoxide (P₄O₁₀) - Molecular

(ii) Ammonium phosphate (NH₄)₃PO₄ – Ionic

(iii) SiC - Covalent (network)

(iv) I₂ - Molecular

(v) P₄ - Molecular

(vi) Plastic - Amorphous

(vii) Graphite – Covalent (network)

(viii) Brass - Metallic

(ix) Rb - Metallic

(x) LiBr - Ionic

(xi) Si – Covalent (network)

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108. What is meant by the term ‘coordination number’?

(ii) What is the coordination number of atoms:

(a) in a cubic close-packed structure?

(b) in a body-centred cubic structure?

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109. What is the co-ordination number of atoms:
(i) in a cubic close packed structure?
(ii) in a body centred cubic structure?

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Long Answer Type

110. How can you determine the atomic mass of an unknown metal if you know its density and the dimension of its unit cell? Explain.

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