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Atomic number (61) = [Xe] 54 4f 5 6s 2 . Atomic number (91) = [Rn] 86 5f 2 6d 1 7s 2 Atomic number (101) = [Rn] 86 5f 14 7s 1 Atomic number (109) = [Rn] 86 5f 14 6d 7 7s 2 .

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The d-And-f-Block Elements

Short Answer Type

111.

Why Sm²⁺, Eu²⁺ and Yb²⁺ ions in solutions are good reducing agents but an aqueous solution of Ce⁴⁺ is a good oxidizing agent?

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112.

One among the lanthanoids, Ce(III) can be easily oxidized to Ce(IV) (at. No. of Ce = 58). Explain why?

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113.

The +3 oxidation states of lanthanum (Z = 57), gadolinium (Z = 64) and lutetium (Z = 71) are especially stable. Why?

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114.

Which trivalent ion has the largest size in lanthanoid series?

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115.

What are the different oxidation states exhibited by the lanthanoids?

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116.

Which metal in the first series of transition metals exhibits +1 oxidation state most frequently and why?

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117.
Write the electronic configurations of the elements with the atomic numbers 61, 91, 101 and 109.

Atomic number (61) = [Xe]⁵⁴ 4f⁵ 6s².
Atomic number (91) = [Rn]⁸⁶ 5f² 6d¹ 7s²Atomic number (101) = [Rn]⁸⁶ 5f¹⁴ 7s¹Atomic number (109) = [Rn]⁸⁶ 5f ¹⁴ 6d⁷ 7s².