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The d-And-f-Block Elements

Short Answer Type

151. Give reasons for the following:
Copper(I) has d¹⁰ configuration while copper(ll) hs d⁹ configuration, still copper(II) is more stable in aqueous solution than copper(I).

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152. Give reasons for the following:
The second and third transition series elements have almost similar atomic radii.

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153.

Calculate the number of unpaired electrons in following gaseous ions: Mn³⁺, Cr³⁺, V³⁺ and Ti³⁺, which one of these is the most stable in aqueous solution?

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154.

Give example and suggest reasons for the following features of the transition metal chemistry:
The lowest oxide of transition metal is basic, the highest is amphoteric/acidic.

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155.

Give example and suggest reasons for the following features of the transition metal chemistry:
A transition metal exhibits highest oxidation state in oxides and fluroides.

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156.

Give example and suggest reasons for the following features of the transition metal chemistry:
The highest oxidation state is exhibited in oxoanions of a metal.

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157.

Indicate the steps in the preparation of K₂Cr₂O₇from chromite ore.

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158.

Indicate the steps in the preparation of KMnO₄from pyrolusite ore.

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159. What are alloys? Name an important alloy which contains some of the lanthanoid metals. Mention its uses.

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160. What are inner transition elements? Decide which of the following atomic numbers are the atomic numbers of the inner transition elements: 29, 59, 74, 95, 102, 104

Inner transition metals are those elements in which the last electron enters the f-orbital also transition elements are the elements which have partly filled f-orbitals. These are also called f-block elements. There are two series (each of 14 elements) of inner transition elements..

(i) Lanthanoids (also called 4f series). These are from atomic numbers 58-71.

(ii) Actinoids (also called 5f series ). These are from atomic numbers 90-103

Among the given atomic numbers, only 59, 95 and 102 are the atomic numbers of inner transition elements. The other three atomic numbers represent the transition elements.

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