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The s-Block Elements

Long Answer Type

131.

What happens when:
(i) sodium metal is dropped in water?
(ii) sodium metal is heated in free supply of air?
(iii) sodium peroxide dissolves in water?

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Short Answer Type

132.

Write balanced equation for reactions between:
Na₂O₂ and water

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133.

Write balanced equation for reactions between:
KO₂ and water

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134.

Write balanced equation for reactions between:
Na₂O and CO₂.

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135.

Account for the following:
(i) Sodium imparts colour to the flame.
(ii) Sodium acts as a strong reducing agent.

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136.

Name a few important uses of sodium ?

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Long Answer Type

137.

Discuss in brief the Solvay process for the manufacture of washing soda.

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138.
Discuss the various reactions which occur in the Solvay ammonia process.

In this process, brine (i.e. a concentrated solution of NaCl), ammonia and carbondioxide are the raw materials. The chemical reactions involved are:

CO₂ needed for the reaction is obtained by heating calcium carbonate and quick lime (CaO) is dissolved in water to form slaked lime Ca(OH)₂.

NH₃ needed for the reaction is obtained by heating NH₄Cl formed in eq. (1) with Ca(OH)₂formed in eq. (2).

The only by product of the reaction is calcium chloride (CaCl₂).