Find the shortest distance of the point (0, c) from the parabola y = x2 , where 0 ≤ c ≤ 5.
Let (x, y) be any point on y = x2 + 7 at which helicopter in at a particular moment.
∴ helicopter is at (x, x2 + 7 ).
Let d be the distance between the jet at (x, x2 + 7 ) and soldier at (3, 7).
∴ d2 = (x – 3)2 + (x2 + 7 – 7)2 = (x – 3)2 + (x2)2
∴ d2 = x4 + x2 – 6 x + 9
Let f (x) = d2 = x4 + x2 – 6 x + 9
f ' (x) = 4 x3 + 2 x – 6 = 2 (2 x3 + x – 3) = 2 ( x – 1) (2 x2 + 2 x + 3)
f ' (x) = 0 ⇒ 2 (x – 1) (2 x2 + 2 x + 3) = 0
⇒ x = 1 as we reject imaginary values of x.
f ' ' (x) = 12x2 + 2
At x = 1, f ' ' (x) = 12 + 2 – 14 > 0 ⇒ f (x) lies a local minimum at x = 1
But x – 1 is only extreme point
∴ f (x) is minimum at x = 1