An open box with a square base is to be made out of a given iron

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 Multiple Choice QuestionsLong Answer Type

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319. An open box with a square base is to be made out of a given iron sheet of area 27 square m. Show that the maximum volume of the box is 13.5 cubic m.


Let x be the side of the square base of the open box and y be its height. Let V denote the volume of the box.
therefore space space space space space space space space space space space space space straight V space equals space straight x squared straight y                                              ...(1)
Also surface area = 27 square metres
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therefore space space space from space left parenthesis 1 right parenthesis comma space space straight V space equals space straight x squared space open parentheses fraction numerator 27 minus straight x squared over denominator 4 straight x end fraction close parentheses
therefore space space space space space space space space straight V space equals space 1 fourth straight x left parenthesis 27 minus straight x squared right parenthesis space equals space 1 fourth left parenthesis 27 minus straight x cubed right parenthesis
space space space space space dV over dx space equals 1 fourth left parenthesis 27 minus 3 straight x squared right parenthesis
space space space fraction numerator straight d squared straight V over denominator dx squared end fraction space equals space 1 fourth left parenthesis negative 6 straight x right parenthesis space equals space minus fraction numerator 3 straight x over denominator 2 end fraction
For V to be maximum or minimum,
                   dV over dx space equals space 0 space space space space rightwards double arrow space space space space space 1 fourth left parenthesis 27 minus 3 straight x squared right parenthesis space equals 0 space space rightwards double arrow space space space 27 minus 3 straight x squared space equals 0

rightwards double arrow space space space space space straight x squared space equals space 9 space space space space space rightwards double arrow space space straight x space equals space 3 space as space straight x space cannot space be space negative
space space space space space space space For space straight x space equals space 3 comma space space fraction numerator straight d squared straight V over denominator dx squared end fraction space equals space minus 3 over 2 cross times 3 space equals space minus 9 over 2 less than 0
therefore space space space space straight V space is space maximum space when space straight x space equals space 3
therefore space space space space maximum space value space of space straight V space equals space 1 fourth left parenthesis 27 space cross times 3 space minus space 27 right parenthesis space equals space 1 fourth cross times 54 space equals space 13.5 space cubic space metres.
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320.

A square tank of capacity 250 cubic metres has to be dug out. The cost of the land is Rs.50 per square metre. The cost of digging increases with the depth and for the whole tank is Rs 400 h2, where h metres is the depth of the tank. What should be the dimensions of the tank so that the cost be minimum?

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