Factorise:
a4 - 2a2b2 + b4
∵  a4 - 2a2b2 + b4 = (a2)2 - 2(a2)(b2) + (b2)2
                                  = (a2 - b2)2
                         = [(a2 - b2) (a2 + b2)]
                         = [(a - b) (a + b) (a2 + b2)]
∴   a4 - 2a2b2 + b4 = (a - b)(a + b)(a2 + b2)