Show that the lines joining the mid-points of the opposite sides

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 Multiple Choice QuestionsShort Answer Type

111. Show that the three points A (1, –2, –8) , B (5. 0. –2) and C (11, 3. 7) are collinear and find the ratio in which B divides AC.
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112. If Q is the point of intersection of the medians of the triangle ABC, then prove that QA with rightwards arrow on top space plus space QB with rightwards arrow on top space plus space QC with rightwards arrow on top space equals space 0 with rightwards arrow on top.
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113. ABCD is a parallelogram. E, F are mid-points of BC, CD respectively. AE, AF meet the diaginal BD at Q, P respectively. Show that PQ trisects DB.
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114. If straight a with rightwards arrow on top comma space straight b with rightwards arrow on top comma space stack straight c comma with rightwards arrow on top straight d with rightwards arrow on top are any four vectors in 3 - dimensional space with the same initial point and such that 3 space straight a with rightwards arrow on top space space minus space 2 space straight b with rightwards arrow on top space plus space straight c with rightwards arrow on top space minus space 2 space straight d with rightwards arrow on top space equals space 0 with rightwards arrow on top comma space show that terminals, A, B, C, D of these vectors are coplanar. Find the point at which AC and BD meet. Find the ratio in which P divides AC and BD.
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115. Four points A, B, C, D with position vectors straight a with rightwards arrow on top comma space straight b with rightwards arrow on top comma space straight c with rightwards arrow on top comma space straight d with rightwards arrow on top respectively are such that 3 straight a with rightwards arrow on top space minus space straight b with rightwards arrow on top space plus space space 2 straight c with rightwards arrow on top space minus space 4 space straight d with rightwards arrow on top space equals space 0 with rightwards arrow on top. Show that the four points are coplanar. Also, find the position vector of the point of intersection of lines AC and BD.
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 Multiple Choice QuestionsLong Answer Type

116. The mid-points of two opposite sides of a quadrilateral and the mid-points of the diagonals are the vertices of a parallelogram. Prove using vectors.
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 Multiple Choice QuestionsShort Answer Type

117. A point P divides a line segment AB in the ratio A : 1. Give the values of A for which
P lies in between AB and 
(i) nearer A than B    (ii) nearer B than A
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118. A point P divides a line segment AB in the ratio A : 1. Give the values of A for which P lies outside AB and 
(i) nearer A than B    (ii) nearer B than A.
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 Multiple Choice QuestionsLong Answer Type

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119. Show that the lines joining the mid-points of the opposite sides of a quadrilateral bisect each other.


Let straight a with rightwards arrow on top comma space straight b with rightwards arrow on top comma space straight c with rightwards arrow on top comma space straight d with rightwards arrow on top be position vectors of vertices A, B, C, D of quadrilateral ABCD.
              Let P, Q, R, S be mid-points of the sides AB, BC, CD, DA respectively of quadrilateral ABCD.
         therefore space space space space position vectors of P, Q, R, S are

                 fraction numerator straight a with rightwards arrow on top space plus space straight b with rightwards arrow on top over denominator 2 end fraction comma space fraction numerator straight b with rightwards arrow on top plus straight c with rightwards arrow on top over denominator 2 end fraction comma space fraction numerator straight c with rightwards arrow on top plus straight d with rightwards arrow on top over denominator 2 end fraction comma space fraction numerator straight d with rightwards arrow on top plus straight a with rightwards arrow on top over denominator 2 end fraction respectively.
          Position vectors of mid - point of PR is
                              fraction numerator begin display style fraction numerator straight a with rightwards arrow on top space plus space straight b with rightwards arrow on top over denominator 2 end fraction end style plus begin display style fraction numerator straight c with rightwards arrow on top plus straight d with rightwards arrow on top over denominator 2 end fraction end style over denominator 2 end fraction space straight i. straight e. space space fraction numerator straight a with rightwards arrow on top plus straight b with rightwards arrow on top plus straight c with rightwards arrow on top plus straight d with rightwards arrow on top over denominator 4 end fraction
        Position vector of mid- point of QS is
                               fraction numerator begin display style fraction numerator straight b with rightwards arrow on top plus straight c with rightwards arrow on top over denominator 2 end fraction end style plus begin display style fraction numerator straight d with rightwards arrow on top plus straight a with rightwards arrow on top over denominator 2 end fraction end style over denominator 2 end fraction space space space space straight i. straight e. space space fraction numerator straight a with rightwards arrow on top plus straight b with rightwards arrow on top plus straight c with rightwards arrow on top plus straight d with rightwards arrow on top over denominator 4 end fraction
Since position vector of mid-points of PR and QS is same.
∴    lines joining the mid-points of the opposite sides of a quadrilateral bisect each other.

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120. Show that a quadrilateral is a parallelogram if an only if diagonals bisect each other.
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