Since Venus rotates slowly, Fred Whipple thought that like Mercury, Venus keeps one face always towards the Sun. If so, he said that the dark side would be very cold. However, he knew with the help of earlier study carried out by Petit and Nicholson that it was not the case. So, he concluded that the planet must rotate fairly often to keep the darker side warmer.
Which of the following is the original premiss ? 

• Slow rotation of Venus

• Temperature of Venus

• Frequent rotation of Venus
• Frequent rotation of Venus

12.

Before formulating the laws of motion, Galileo distinguished between mathematical study
and empirical study. He, first, theoretically derived the relation between distances and
times for uniformly accelerating motion by letting the ball roll a quarter, then half, then twothirds
and so on of the length of the groove and then measured the times on each
occasion, which he repeated hundred times. He calculated, based on this study, that the
distance travelled equalled the
Which one of the following characterizes Galileo's method?

• Speculation

• Theoretical analysis

• Generalization

• Generalization

Read carefully a brief summary of one of the investigations of Sherlock Holmes : 'While investigating the murders of Stanger son and Enoch Drebber he got into conversation with fellow detectives which runs as follows : 'The last link My case is complete.... Could you lay your hands upon those pills'. After he got those pills, Holmes cut one of them, dissolved it in water and placed it in front of the terrier. Contrary to his expectations, the animal survived. Though disappointed a bit, he thought fora while and then cut the other pill, dissolved it, added milk and placed before the animal. The moment it licked, the animal died. Those were the pills present at the scenes of crime. Which one of the following aptly describes the method which this passage indicates ?

• Imagination

• Experiment

• Observation

• Thought experiment

There has been much speculation concerning the origin of lunar craters. One hypothesis
is that they are the results of the impact of heavy meteors on the surface of the moon while
still soft. The most probable explanation is that they were produced by the gases liberated
from the rocky matter. 'While solidification was taking place these gases and water vapors
steadily escaped through viscous surface, raising giant bubbles. The reader can easily visualize
the process that took place by watching frying of pancakes and noticing the formation of
bubbles and craters on their surface.
Which one of the following actually helps us to determine the origin of lunar craters ?

• Analogy

• Study of foreign body

• Course and effect relation

• Course and effect relation

Perhaps the earliest work of Archimedes that we have is that on 'Plane Equilibrium'. In this, some fundamental principles of mechanics are set forth as rigorous geometric propositions.
The work opens with famous postulate 'Equal weights at equal distances are in equilibrium; equal weights at unequal distances are not in equilibrium, but incline toward the weight at the greater distance.
According to this passage, which factor or factors determine equilibrium ?

• weight

• distance

• weight & distance

• weight & distance

According to the above passage, which one of the following values can be assigned to
the statement 'inequal weights at equal distances are in disequilibrium?

• true

• false

• highly probable

• highly probable

According to the above passage, which one of the following values can be assigned to
the statement 'inequal weights at inequal distances are in disequilibrium' ?

• true

• false

• uncertain

• uncertain

'Gregor Mendel in examining tea-plants found two sharply marked races, the tall
and the short. He experimentally fertilized flowers of tall plants with pollen of short. The off
spring were tall plants. He next let the flowers of this first generation be fertilized with their
own pollen. In the following generation, shortness reappeared. Tallness and shortness were
distributed not at random but in a definite, constant, and simple ratio: three dominant tails to
one recessive short'. Which one of the following aptly describes the distribution of dominant
and recessive characteristics ?

• systematic

• equal interval

• unpredictable

• unpredictable

It is said that in his strongly worded reaction to quantum Physics,. Einstein
remaxks, 'God does not play dice' to which Bohr, another great physicist, reacted saying
'Do not tell Godwhat to do'. Bohr, earlier had argued that we can never know what the
properties of an isolated quantum system, though we can know theproperties of macrocosmic
objects.
Which one of the following is the focus of their debate ?

• the behaviour of God

• probabilistic interpretation of the behaviour of quantum object,

• limits of humanknowledge

• limits of humanknowledge

An efficient and diesel-independent public transport. system is essential to the economic
development of nation. Suppose that the government adopts a policy to that effect then there
is another favourable. result. The pollution of environment is reduced to -a greater extent.
But, then it has two-pronged backlash. The sale and consequently the production of two and
four wheelers reduce to the minimum which in turnrender a large number of people jobless

Cash flow to the treasury, also is adversely affected. Such a step, therefore, Js self-defeating
unless the government evolves a counter-strategy to nullify the adverse effects.
Which one of the following accurately projects the opinion of an imaginary
speaker or author as the case may be of this passage ?

• Abandon the idea of efficient and diesel-independent public transport system

• Ensure sustained cash flow and create better job opportunities by inventing an alternate or more than one alternate

• Public transport system shall be given up

• Public transport system shall be given up