I Financial Institutions are largely unregulated
II Today, world is passing through a serious phase of economic crisis

• I is the main cause and II is the main effect

• I is effect but II is not the main cause

• II is the main cause and I is the main effect

• II is the main cause and I is the main effect

An argument is given below, on the basis of that argument; find out the parallel argument
from the given list of subsequent arguments
Argument: Himalayan Sparrows are disappearing. This bird is an Indian bird; therefore,
Indian birds are disappearing.
Subsequent Arguments:

• Industrialists pay most of the taxes. ‘Z’ is a wealthy man therefore ‘Z’ must pay most
  taxes

• A pineapple is a fruit, a mango is a fruit therefore pineapple is a mango

• Snow tigers are an endangered species; all endangered species must be protected;
  therefore snow-tiger must be protected

• Snow tigers are an endangered species; all endangered species must be protected;
  therefore snow-tiger must be protected

Statement 1: Some aeroplanes are balloons.
Statement 2: Some balloons are rockets.
Conclusions:
(a) Some aeroplanes are rockets (b) Some rockets are tables
(c) All the rockets are balloons (d) All the balloons are aeroplanes.
Assuming the statements 1 and 2 are true, which conclusions follow:

• Only (b) and (d)

• Only (a) and (c)

• Only (d)

• Only (d)

Statement 1: All whales are fish.
Statement 2: some fish are not amphibians.
Statement 3: All whales are amphibians.
Statement 4: Some amphibians are not fish.
Conclusions:
(a) Some fish are amphibians (b) Some amphibians are fish
(c) Only whales are both fish and amphibians (d) All amphibians are fish.

• Only (a) and (b)

• Only (c)

• Only (d)

• Only (d)

Statement 1: All libraries are laboratories.
Statement 2: No laboratories are hostels.

Conclusions:
(a) All laboratories are libraries (b) Some hostels are libraries
(c) Some libraries are hostels (d) No library is a hostel
Assuming that statements 1 and 2 are true, which conclusions follow?

• Only (a) and (b)

• Only (b) and (c)

• Only (c) and (d)

• Only (c) and (d)

36.

‘Instead of being concerned with what actually happens in practice….(economics) is increasingly preoccupied with developing pseudo-mathematical formulas. These provide models of behavior which never quite fit what actually happens, in a way which resembles the physical sciences gone wrong: instead of equations describing reality, economics produces equations describing ideal conditions and theoretical clarity of a type which never occurs in practice’.

Which of the following best summarizes the argument of this paragraph?

• Economics ought to be more like the physical sciences

• Theoretical clarity is undesirable in economics

• The physical sciences are wrong to emphasise mathematic formulae.

• The physical sciences are wrong to emphasise mathematic formulae.

‘Instead of being concerned with what actually happens in practice….(economics) is increasingly preoccupied with developing pseudo-mathematical formulas. These provide models of behavior which never quite fit what actually happens, in a way which resembles the physical sciences gone wrong: instead of equations describing reality, economics produces equations describing ideal conditions and theoretical clarity of a type which never occurs in practice’.

Which of the following claims is not implied in the paragraph above?

• Economists should stop using mathematical models.

• Equations describing ideal conditions should not be mistaken for equations describing reality

• Theoretical clarity should not come at the expense of accuracy.

• Theoretical clarity should not come at the expense of accuracy.

‘Instead of being concerned with what actually happens in practice….(economics) is increasingly preoccupied with developing pseudo-mathematical formulas. These provide models of behavior which never quite fit what actually happens, in a way which resembles the physical sciences gone wrong: instead of equations describing reality, economics produces equations describing ideal conditions and theoretical clarity of a type which never occurs in practice’.

Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the argument of the passage above?

• The physical sciences are themselves reducing their reliance on mathematical formulae

• The real world in fact closely approximates ideal theoretical conditions.

• We do not at present have the mathematical expertise to model the full complexity of the world economy.

• We do not at present have the mathematical expertise to model the full complexity of the world economy.

‘Religions, like camel caravans, seem to avoid mountain passes. Buddhism spread quickly south from Buddha’s birth-place in southern Nepal across the flat Gangetic plain to Sri Lanka. But it took a millennium to reach China…The religious belt stretched eventually to Mongolia and Japan, but in Afghanistan Buddhism filled only a narrow belt that left pagans among the valleys to the east and west in Kailash and Ghor’.
Which of the following best summarises the subject of this paragraph?

• The Afghan people were hostile to Buddhism

• Geography has considerable impact on the spread of religions

• Buddhism does not flourish in mountainous regions.

• Buddhism does not flourish in mountainous regions.

‘Religions, like camel caravans, seem to avoid mountain passes. Buddhism spread quickly south from Buddha’s birth-place in southern Nepal across the flat Gangetic plain to Sri Lanka. But it took a millennium to reach China…The religious belt stretched eventually to Mongolia and Japan, but in Afghanistan Buddhism filled only a narrow belt that left pagans among the valleys to the east and west in Kailash and Ghor’.
Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the conclusion to the above argument?

• Christianity took several centuries to cross the Atlantic Ocean to America.

• The Hindukush mountains made no difference to the speed with which Islam spread

• Buddhism is strongest in mountainous regions

• Buddhism is strongest in mountainous regions