The type-I glomus cells present in the carotid bodies contain granules that release some substances during hypoxia. Which one of the following is released in hypoxia?

• Serotonin

• GABA

• Dopamine

• IL 8

82.

A patient with ER⁺/ PR⁺ breast cancer was cured with a drug 'T', whereas a second patient did not respond to 'T'. Which one of the following is the best therapy that you should suggest for the second patient?

• Surgery, followed by HER-2/neu targeted drugs.

• A drug that targets triple-negative (ER^-/PR^-/HER-2^-) breast cancer.

• Radiation, followed by drug 'T'.

• Surgery, followed by radiation only.

Some T lymphocytes respond to antigenic stimulation by synthesizing a growth factor that causes T cell proliferation thereby increasing the responsive T lymphocytes resulting in amplification of the immune response. This is an example of

• endocrine signaling

• paracrine signaling

• autocrine signaling

• cyclic signaling

What phenotype would you predict for a mutant mouse lacking one of the genes required for site-specific recombination in lymphocytes?

• Decrease in T cell counts

• Immunodeficient

• Increase in T cell counts

• Increase in B cell counts

Beating of cilia is regulated by

• actin

• myosin

• cofilin

• nexin

Which one of the following events NEVER activates the G-protein coupled receptor for sequestering Ca²⁺ release?

• Interaction of bindin to sperm receptors.

• Activation of Frizzled by Wnt.

• Cortical reaction blocking polyspermy.

• DNA synthesis and nuclear envelope breakdown.

The main difference between normal and transformed cells are

• immortality and contact inhibition.

• shorter generation time and cell mobility 

• apoptosis and tumour suppressor gene hyperfunction

• inactivation of oncogenes and shorter cell cycle duration

When bacteria growing at 20°C are warmed at 37°C, they are most likely to synthesize membrane lipids with more 

• short chain saturated fatty acids

• short chain unsaturated fatty acids

• long chain saturated fatty acids

• Long chain unsaturated fatty acids

Hydra shows morphallactic regeneration and involves which one of the following signal transduction pathway in its axis formation?

• Wnt/ β-catenin pathway

• Retinoic acid pathway

• FGF pathway

• Delta-Notch pathway

Which one of the following combinations must be present in a steroid receptor that is located in the cytoplasm?

• Nuclear export sequence (NES) leucine zipper.

• NES, zinc finger motif

• Nuclear localization sequence (NLS)

• NLS, leucine zipper