Which of the floral whorls is affected in agamous (ag) mutants?

• Sepals and petals  

• Petals and stamens   

• Stamens and carpels  

• Sepals and carpels   

In transverse sections of a young stem, if vallecular canals and carinal canals are present, then the plant belongs to

• Lycopodiales

• Isoetales

• Selaginellales

• Equisetales

AP1(APETLA 1) is one of the floral meristem identifying genes. In wild type Arabidopsis thaliana plants transformed with AP1::GUS, β glucuronidase (GUS) activity is seen in floral meristem, only after the commitment to flowering. Ectopic expression of AP1::GUS in the EMBRYONIC FLOWER (emf) mutant background results in GUS activity throughout the shoots in four day old seedlings. These observations suggest that AP1 is :

• Not involved in flowering  

• Involved in repression of flowering 

• Involved in promoting flowering 

• Stimulation of flowering in the emf background  

When the prospective neurons from an early gastrula of a frog were transplanted into the prospective epidermis region, the donor cells differentiated into epidermis. However, when a similar experiment was done with the late gastrula of frog, the perspective neurons developedinto neurons only. These observations could possibly be explained by the following phenomena.

A. The early gastrula show conditional development wheras the late gastrula shows autonomous development.

B. The early gastrula shows autonomous development whereas the late gastrula shows conditional development.

C. The prospective neurons from the early gastrula are only specified whereas those from the late gastrula are determined.

D. The prospective neurons from the early gastrula are determined whereas those from the late gastrula are specified.

Which of the conclusions drawn above are correct?

• A and B

• A and C

• A and D

• B and C

In case of morphallactic regeneration:

• There is repatterning of the existing tissues with little new growth

• There is repatterning of the existing tissues after the stem cell division has taken place  

• There is cell division of the differentiated cells which maintain their differentiated state to finally form a complete organism  

• There is dedifferentiation of the cells at the cut surface which become undifferentiated. These undifferentiated cells then divide to redifferentiate to form the complete structure  

Consider the following crosses involving grey (wild type) and yellow body colour true- breeding Drosophilia:

	Cross	F1 progeny	F2 progeny
Cross 1	Grey female X yellow male	All males : Grey All females : Grey	Grey females : 98 Yellow males : 45 Grey ales : 49
Cross 2	Yellow females X grey males	All males : yellow All females : grey	?

Assuming 200F₂ offsprings are produced in cross 2, which one of the following outcomes is expected?

• 97 grey males, 54 yellow females, 49 grey males   

• 102 yellow males, 46 yellow females, 52 grey females    

• 52 grey males, 49 yellow males, 48 yellow females, 51 grey females

• 98 grey males, 94 yellow females, 2 yellow males, 6 grey females   

With respect to development of any organism, “autonomous specification” would result in which type of development?

• Regulative

• Mosaic   

• Syncytial

• Definitive

The group of cells which generates the vascular tissues including the pericycle in roots of higher plants are called

• Procambium

• Protoderm

• Ground meristem

• Apical meristem

If an embryo undergoes 13 cleavage divisions during embryogenesis, then the size of the embryo compared to zygote

• Increases 13 times

• Increases in an exponential fashion

• Increases only 6-7 times

• Remains almost the same   

A particular type of cancer cell undergoes apoptosis by both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways when treated with a chemotherapeutic agent X. Caspase 8 and Caspase 9 are the initiator capases associated with extrinsic and intrinsic pathways respectively. Now if caspase 9 is silenced in the cancer cell by shRNA transfection, what will be the best fir graph for apoptosis scenario in the cancer cell when treated with agent X?