Multiple Choice QuestionsAssertion: ADH and RAAS work in response to low blood volume and blood pressure.
Reason: ANF works in response to high blood volume and blood pressure.
If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
If assertion is true but reason is false.
If both assertion and reason are false.
B.
If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
ADH (Antidiuretic hormone) and RAAS (Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System) work in response to low blood volume and low blood pressure.
ADH increases the reabsorption of water in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct, and thus results in an increase in blood volume and blood pressure.
RAAS is operated by JGA (Juxtaglomerular apparatus). It increases blood volume and blood pressure by two ways: Firstly, it induces the proximal convoluted tubules to reabsorb more NaCl and water and secondly, it stimulates the adrenal gland to release a hormone, called aldosterone that induces the distal convoluted tubule to absorb more Na' and water.
ANF (Atrial Natriuretic Factor) works in response to high blood volume and high blood pressure. It opposes the regulation by RAAS. The walls of the atria of the heart release ANF in response to an increase in blood volume and blood pressure. ANF inhibits release of renin from the JGA and thereby inhibits NaCl reabsorption by the collecting duct and reduces aldosterone release from the adrenal gland.
Thus ADH, RAAS and ANF regulate the functions of kidneys and control body fluid osmolarity, salt concentration, blood pressure and blood volume.
Select the correct statement about hormones and their actions.
Parathyroid hormone increases K absorption of the body.
Insulin and glucagon helps to maintain blood sugar levels.
Old aged people have weak immunity due to increased activity of thymus.
Osteoporosis in women occurs due to increased levels of oestrogens.
Match the source gland with its respective hormone and function and select the correct option.
| Source gland | Hormone | Function |
| Anterior pituitary | Oxytocin | Contraction of uterine muscle |
| Source gland | Hormone | Function |
| Anterior pituitary | Vasopressin | Induces reabsorption of water in nephron |
| Source gland | Hormone | Function |
| Thymus | Thymosin | Proliferation of T- lymphocytes |
| Source gland | Hormone | Function |
| - cells of islets of Langerhans | Glucagon | Uptake of glucose into the cell |
Which of the following pairs of hormones can easily pass through the cell membrane and binds to a receptor inside it (mostly in the nucleus)
Insulin, glucagon
Thyroxine, insulin
Somatostatin, oxytocin
Cortisol, testosterone
Assertion: The immune responses of old persons become weak.
Reason: Thymus is degenerated in old individuals resulting in a decreased production of thymosin
If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
If assertion is true but reason is false.
If both assertion and reason are false.
Assertion: Adrenocorticotropic-Releasing Hormones (ARH) excite the anterior lobe of
pituitary gland to produce adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).
Reason: ACTH stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete its glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid hormones.
If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
If assertion is true but reason is false.
If both assertion and reason are false.
Catecholamine in a normal person induces
intense salivation
alertness
decrease in heart beat
excessive urination.
Assertion: Less iodine intake causes goitre.
Reason: Less iodine in body decreases thyroxine secretion
If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
If assertion is true but reason is false.
If both assertion and reason are false.
Which of the following is correct?
Paneth cells secrete pepsinogen
Parietal cells secrete hydrochloric acid
Argentaffin cells secrete mucus
Chief cells secrete gastrin
Switch
