Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to the question out of the four alternatives.

Some people say that man’s desire for war is due to his fight for survival and that war is necessary to preserve his virility. Yet war nowadays leaves a legacy of the weakest men and stimulates not the weakest men and stimulates not the noble but the bestial qualities of mankind.

Adventure of some kind is necessary for man: he will inevitably deteriorate physically and mentally if his life is one of ease and luxury lived in an atmosphere of “Safety First’. This is the real reason behind our love of sports in the open air. It is no use being a millionaire if one suffers from chronic is far happier. Nothing that money can buy is worthwhile without good health. There is no better way to perfect health and physical fitness than to walk over or climb hills and mountains.

But mountains give us much more than mere physical fitness; they exercise the mental faculties as well. climbing a high and difficult peak is as much a mental exercise as a physical exercise. It calls for sense and judgement for planning and thinking ahead, for anticipating difficulty and danger, for responsibility one’s companions, and best of all, it brings the mountaineer into touch with the beauties of the universe.

What is the best advantage mountaineering brings to an adventurer?

• Art of Planning

• Thinking ahead

• Responsibility towards companions

• Responsibility towards companions

Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to the question out of the four alternatives.

Some people say that man’s desire for war is due to his fight for survival and that war is necessary to preserve his virility. Yet war nowadays leaves a legacy of the weakest men and stimulates not the weakest men and stimulates not the noble but the bestial qualities of mankind.

Adventure of some kind is necessary for man: he will inevitably deteriorate physically and mentally if his life is one of ease and luxury lived in an atmosphere of “Safety First’. This is the real reason behind our love of sports in the open air. It is no use being a millionaire if one suffers from chronic is far happier. Nothing that money can buy is worthwhile without good health. There is no better way to perfect health and physical fitness than to walk over or climb hills and mountains.

But mountains give us much more than mere physical fitness; they exercise the mental faculties as well. climbing a high and difficult peak is as much a mental exercise as a physical exercise. It calls for sense and judgement for planning and thinking ahead, for anticipating difficulty and danger, for responsibility one’s companions, and best of all, it brings the mountaineer into touch with the beauties of the universe.

Which is the best way to perfect health and physical fitness, according to the passage?

• Fighting

• Seek inward happiness

• Live a life of luxury

• Live a life of luxury

Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to the question out of the four alternatives.

Some people say that man’s desire for war is due to his fight for survival and that war is necessary to preserve his virility. Yet war nowadays leaves a legacy of the weakest men and stimulates not the weakest men and stimulates not the noble but the bestial qualities of mankind.

Adventure of some kind is necessary for man: he will inevitably deteriorate physically and mentally if his life is one of ease and luxury lived in an atmosphere of “Safety First’. This is the real reason behind our love of sports in the open air. It is no use being a millionaire if one suffers from chronic is far happier. Nothing that money can buy is worthwhile without good health. There is no better way to perfect health and physical fitness than to walk over or climb hills and mountains.

But mountains give us much more than mere physical fitness; they exercise the mental faculties as well. climbing a high and difficult peak is as much a mental exercise as a physical exercise. It calls for sense and judgement for planning and thinking ahead, for anticipating difficulty and danger, for responsibility one’s companions, and best of all, it brings the mountaineer into touch with the beauties of the universe.

If a man leads a life in an atmosphere of 'Safety First' he will

• improve physically and mentally

• deteriorate physically and mentally

• improve physically but deteriorate mentally

• improve physically but deteriorate mentally

Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to the question out of the four alternatives.

Some people say that man’s desire for war is due to his fight for survival and that war is necessary to preserve his virility. Yet war nowadays leaves a legacy of the weakest men and stimulates not the weakest men and stimulates not the noble but the bestial qualities of mankind.

Adventure of some kind is necessary for man: he will inevitably deteriorate physically and mentally if his life is one of ease and luxury lived in an atmosphere of “Safety First’. This is the real reason behind our love of sports in the open air. It is no use being a millionaire if one suffers from chronic is far happier. Nothing that money can buy is worthwhile without good health. There is no better way to perfect health and physical fitness than to walk over or climb hills and mountains.

But mountains give us much more than mere physical fitness; they exercise the mental faculties as well. climbing a high and difficult peak is as much a mental exercise as a physical exercise. It calls for sense and judgement for planning and thinking ahead, for anticipating difficulty and danger, for responsibility one’s companions, and best of all, it brings the mountaineer into touch with the beauties of the universe.

War nowadays stimulates

• Noble qualities of mankind

• Man's virility

• Bestial qualities of mankind

• Bestial qualities of mankind

Read the following passage carefully and choose the best answer to the question out of the four alternatives.

Some people say that man’s desire for war is due to his fight for survival and that war is necessary to preserve his virility. Yet war nowadays leaves a legacy of the weakest men and stimulates not the weakest men and stimulates not the noble but the bestial qualities of mankind.

Adventure of some kind is necessary for man: he will inevitably deteriorate physically and mentally if his life is one of ease and luxury lived in an atmosphere of “Safety First’. This is the real reason behind our love of sports in the open air. It is no use being a millionaire if one suffers from chronic is far happier. Nothing that money can buy is worthwhile without good health. There is no better way to perfect health and physical fitness than to walk over or climb hills and mountains.

But mountains give us much more than mere physical fitness; they exercise the mental faculties as well. climbing a high and difficult peak is as much a mental exercise as a physical exercise. It calls for sense and judgement for planning and thinking ahead, for anticipating difficulty and danger, for responsibility one’s companions, and best of all, it brings the mountaineer into touch with the beauties of the universe.

According to the passage, nothing that money can buy is worthwhile.

• without love of sports

• without adventure

• without good health

• without good health

Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to the question out of the four alternatives.

Placebo literally means “I shall please, “Placebos are inert substances given to some volunteers in a given study while other volunteers are treated with experimental drugs – whose effect is tested by measuring the difference in response to the powerless placebo and to the drug. Some of a group of volunteers who had just had group of volunteers who had just had their wisdom teeth extracted were given morphine to alleviate their pain: the others swallowed a placebo they belived to be morphine. Many of the placebo recipients said they experienced dramatic relied from their pain. However, when a drug that blocks the effects of endorphine was given them, the pain returned almost immediately. the test confirmed something believes he or she has been given a pain reliever, the brain releases chemicals to substantiate that belief. In short, the placebo effect is an act of faith. Very recent studies have determined that the placebo effect is much more powerful than previously imagined. So be careful what you believe and pretend  – it may come to pass.

what is peculiar about the 'volunteers’ response to drugs given following the consumption of placebo?

• They experienced relief after taking the medicine.

• They felt pain after taking them.

• Their pain returned after taking these medicines.

• Their pain returned after taking these medicines.

Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to the question out of the four alternatives.

Placebo literally means “I shall please, “Placebos are inert substances given to some volunteers in a given study while other volunteers are treated with experimental drugs – whose effect is tested by measuring the difference in response to the powerless placebo and to the drug. Some of a group of volunteers who had just had group of volunteers who had just had their wisdom teeth extracted were given morphine to alleviate their pain: the others swallowed a placebo they belived to be morphine. Many of the placebo recipients said they experienced dramatic relied from their pain. However, when a drug that blocks the effects of endorphine was given them, the pain returned almost immediately. the test confirmed something believes he or she has been given a pain reliever, the brain releases chemicals to substantiate that belief. In short, the placebo effect is an act of faith. Very recent studies have determined that the placebo effect is much more powerful than previously imagined. So be careful what you believe and pretend  – it may come to pass.

To whom are Placebos administered?

• To all patients in pain

• To some volunteers in pain

• To volunteers in good health

• To volunteers in good health

8.

Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to the question out of the four alternatives.

Placebo literally means “I shall please, “Placebos are inert substances given to some volunteers in a given study while other volunteers are treated with experimental drugs – whose effect is tested by measuring the difference in response to the powerless placebo and to the drug. Some of a group of volunteers who had just had group of volunteers who had just had their wisdom teeth extracted were given morphine to alleviate their pain: the others swallowed a placebo they belived to be morphine. Many of the placebo recipients said they experienced dramatic relied from their pain. However, when a drug that blocks the effects of endorphine was given them, the pain returned almost immediately. the test confirmed something believes he or she has been given a pain reliever, the brain releases chemicals to substantiate that belief. In short, the placebo effect is an act of faith. Very recent studies have determined that the placebo effect is much more powerful than previously imagined. So be careful what you believe and pretend  – it may come to pass.

What does the writer prove?

• The mind realises what it believes

• The mind secretes chemicals

• The mind cannot control the body

• The mind cannot control the body

Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to the question out of the four alternatives.

Placebo literally means “I shall please, “Placebos are inert substances given to some volunteers in a given study while other volunteers are treated with experimental drugs – whose effect is tested by measuring the difference in response to the powerless placebo and to the drug. Some of a group of volunteers who had just had group of volunteers who had just had their wisdom teeth extracted were given morphine to alleviate their pain: the others swallowed a placebo they belived to be morphine. Many of the placebo recipients said they experienced dramatic relied from their pain. However, when a drug that blocks the effects of endorphine was given them, the pain returned almost immediately. the test confirmed something believes he or she has been given a pain reliever, the brain releases chemicals to substantiate that belief. In short, the placebo effect is an act of faith. Very recent studies have determined that the placebo effect is much more powerful than previously imagined. So be careful what you believe and pretend  – it may come to pass.

Why are Placebos administered?

• To measure patients' response to experimental drugs.

• To measure patient's response to Placebos.

• To measure patient's response to endorphine.

• To measure patient's response to endorphine.

Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to the question out of the four alternatives.

Placebo literally means “I shall please, “Placebos are inert substances given to some volunteers in a given study while other volunteers are treated with experimental drugs – whose effect is tested by measuring the difference in response to the powerless placebo and to the drug. Some of a group of volunteers who had just had group of volunteers who had just had their wisdom teeth extracted were given morphine to alleviate their pain: the others swallowed a placebo they belived to be morphine. Many of the placebo recipients said they experienced dramatic relied from their pain. However, when a drug that blocks the effects of endorphine was given them, the pain returned almost immediately. the test confirmed something believes he or she has been given a pain reliever, the brain releases chemicals to substantiate that belief. In short, the placebo effect is an act of faith. Very recent studies have determined that the placebo effect is much more powerful than previously imagined. So be careful what you believe and pretend  – it may come to pass.

What has the experiment confirmed?

• Effectiveness of Placebos

• Uses of morphine

• Effects of endorphine

• Effects of endorphine