Amongst the following the compound that can most readily get sulphonated is
benzene
toluene
nitrobenzene
chlorobenzene
B.
toluene
In toluene (-CH3)group is present which has + I effect and increase electron density on ortho and para position. While in sulphonation -SO3 acts as electrophile.
Therefore, it (-SO3H) attacks on ortho and para position readily.
Inductive effect involves:
displacement of σ-electrons
delocalisation of π-electrons
delocalisation of σ-electrons
displacement of π-electrons
Presence of halogen in organic compounds can be detected using
Leibig's test
Duma's test
Kjeldahl test
Beilstien's test