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Given below are the electrode potential values, E° for some of the first row of transition elements:
Elements V(23) Cr(24) Mn(25)Fe(26)Co(27)Ni(28) Cu(29)
M2+/M(V) –1.18 – 0.91 – 0.44 – 0.28 –0.28 –0.25 +0.34
Explain the irregularities in these values on the basis of electronic structures of atoms.


It is due to irregular variations in sum of first and second ionisation energy and sublimation energies. It is also due to stability of electronic configuration.
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Eu2+, Yb2+ are good reductants whereas Tb+4 is an oxidant. Why?
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Complete the following reaction equations:
(i) Cr2O7 2 + Sn2+ + H+ →
(ii) MnO4– + Fe2+ + H+ →

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Give reasons:
Ce4+ is used as an oxidising agent in volumetric analysis.

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Give reasons:
Among transition metals, the highest oxidation state is exhibited in oxoanions of a metal.

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Explain the following facts:
Transition metals form coloured complexes.

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Why is cerium a good analytical reagent?
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Actinide cations are coloured? Why?

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Give reasons:
Zn2+ salts are white while Cu2+ salts are blue.

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Why La, Gd and Lu has low value of 3rd ionisation enthalpies?

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