Polymerase Chain Reaction or PCR is used to amplify the gene of interest. In this method -:
Primers are designed according to the sequence of the gene of interest.
Two sets of primers (chemically synthesized oligonucleotide stretches) that are complementary to the gene of interest, DNA polymerase enzyme, and deoxynucleotides are added to the PCR mixture.
PCR consists of 3 steps:
i. Denaturation The ds DNA is denatured by providing high temperature. Taq DNA polymerase isolated from the thermophilic bacteria, Thermus aquaticus (Taq), which does not degrade at such high temperatures is used.
(a) List any three ways of measuring population density of a habitat.
(b) Mention the essential information that can be obtained by studying the population of an organism.
(a) Explain the significance of ecological pyramids with the help of an example.
(b) Why are the pyramids referred to as upright or inverted?(a) What is the programme called that is involved in improving success rate of production of desired hybrid and herd size of cattle?
(b) Explain the method used for carrying this programme for cows.(a) Tobacco plants are damaged severely when infested with Meloidegyne incognitia. Name and explain the strategy that is adopted to stop this infestation.
(b) Name the vector used for introducing the nematode specific gene in tobacco plant.(a) Explain the phenomena of multiple allelism and co-dominanace taking ABO blood group as an example.
(b) What is the phenotype of the following:(i) IAi
(ii) i i
