Briefly describe the events that occur during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle.
Luteal phase is under the control of progesterone and estrogens secreted by the corpus luteum, therefore it is known as progestational phase also. This phase prepares the endometrium for pregnancy and implantation. If pregnancy does not retain it is followed by menstruation and so it is called premenstrual phase. This phase lasts for about 13 to 14 days and is accompanied by marked hypertrophy of uterine endometrium. The endometrial glands become complicated and tortuous and the submucosal layer becomes very vascular and edematous. The glandular secretion is greatly increased.
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