Continuous Charge Distribution | Electric Charges and Fields | Notes | Summary - Zigya

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Electric Charges and Fields

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Continuous Charge Distribution

Types of continuous charged distributions:

  1. Linear Charge Distribution
  2. Volume Distribution of charge
  3. Surface Charge Distribution

The linear charge density λ of a wire is defined by

straight lambda space equals space fraction numerator increment straight Q over denominator increment straight l end fraction

where Δl is a small line element of wire on the macroscopic scale, ΔQ is the charge contained in that line element. The units for λ are C/m. 

The volume charge density is defined by,

straight rho space equals fraction numerator increment straight Q over denominator increment straight V end fraction

where,
ΔQ is the charge
ΔV small volume element
The units for ρ are C/m3

When the charge distribution is over a particular area then the distribution is called as Surface charge distribution. It is denoted by σ.

straight sigma space equals space fraction numerator increment straight Q over denominator increment straight S end fraction

where ΔS is an area element on the surface of a conductor and ΔQ is a charge on that element.The units for σ are C/m2.

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