A covalent bond between two atoms is formed by which of the following?
Electron nuclear attraction
Electron sharing
Electron transfer
Electrostatic attraction
Hybridisation involves
addition of an electron pair
mixing up of atomic orbitals
removal of an electron pair
separation of orbitals
Which of the following compounds in liquid state does not have hydrogen bonding?
H2O
HF
NH3
C6H6
The Lewis structure for O3 molecule is given below. The correct formal charges on oxygen atoms labelled 1, 2, 3 are respectively.
-1, 0, +1
+1, 0, -1
+1, -1, 0
0, +1, -1
Inoic bonds are usually formed by combination of elements with
high ionisation potential and low electron affinity
low ionisation potential and high electron affinity
high ionisation potential and high electron affinity
low ionisation potential and low electron affinity
The angle between two covalent bonds is maximum in
CH4
H2O
CO2
SO2
C.
CO2
Number of molecular hybrid orbitals = number of sigma bonds + number of lone pair of electrons.
No. of molecular hybrid orbital | Hybridization | Bond angle |
2 | sp | 180° |
3 | sp2 | 120° |
4 | sp3 | 190°28' |
Dot structure CH4
Number ofmolecular hybrid orbitals = number of sigma bonds + number of lone pairs of electrons = 4+0.
∴ Number of molecular hybrid orbitals = 4
Hence, hybridisation = sp3
Bond angle= 109°28'
Dot structure of H2O
∴ Number of molecular hybrid orbitals = 2+ 2 = 4
Hence, hybridisation = sp3
Bond angle = 104. 5°
The lone pairs repel the bond pairs, thereby decreasing the bond angle.
Dot structure of CO2
O=C=O
∴ Number of molecular hybrid orbitals = 2
Hence, hybridisation = sp
bond angle = 180°
Dot structure of SO2
O←=O
∴ Number of molecular hybrid orbitals = 2+1= 3
Hence, hybridisation = sp2
bond angle = 120°
If a molecule MX3 has zero dipole moment, the sigma bonding orbital used by M (At. no. 13) are
pure p
sp- hybridised
sp2- hybridised
sp3- hybridised