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Soap does not lather with hard water easily because it reacts with the calcium and magnesium ions present in hard water to form insoluble calcium and magnesium salts. 2C 17 H 35 COONa +CaCl 2 --> 2NaCl +(C 17 H 35 COO) 2 Ca soap calcium in water insoluble calcium scum On the other hand, synthetic detergents give lather with hard water as well as soft water.

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Soap does not lather with hard water easily because it reacts with the calcium and magnesium ions present in hard water to form insoluble calcium and magnesium salts.

2C₁₇H₃₅COONa +CaCl₂ --> 2NaCl +(C₁₇H₃₅COO)₂Ca
^{soap calcium in water insoluble calcium scum}

On the other hand, synthetic detergents give lather with hard water as well as soft water.

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