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Chemistry in Everyday Life

Long Answer Type

101.

Explain the cleansing action of soaps.

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Short Answer Type

102. Label the hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts in the following compounds:

CH subscript 3 left parenthesis CH subscript 2 right parenthesis subscript 10 CH subscript 2 OSO subscript 3 to the power of minus Na to the power of plus

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103. Label the hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts in the following compounds:

CH subscript 3 left parenthesis CH subscript 2 right parenthesis subscript 15 to the power of minus straight N to the power of plus left parenthesis CH subscript 3 right parenthesis subscript 3 Br to the power of minus

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104. Label the hydrophilic and hydrophobic pairs in the following compounds:

CH subscript 3 left parenthesis CH subscript 2 right parenthesis subscript 16 COO left parenthesis CH subscript 2 CH subscript 2 straight O right parenthesis subscript straight n space CH subscript 2 CH subscript 2 OH.

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105.

Made an example and functon of the following:
(i) Tranquilizers
(li) Wide spectrum antibiotics

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106.

Sulpha drugs work like antibiotics but they are not antibiotics. Is this a valid statement and why? Give one example of sulpha drugs and antibiotics.

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107.

What is meant by chemotherapy? Write the chemical name of aspirin. What is it used for?

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108. Give the structure of one broad spectrum antibiotic. Mention two diseases for which this antibiotic can be used.

The full range of micro-organisms attacked by an antibiotic is called its spectrum. Tetracycline, chloramphenicol are broad spectrum antibiotics. Structure of chloramphenicol.

It can be used for curing:
(i) Typhoid
(ii) Dysentery
(iii) Acute fever
(iv) Certain forms of urinary infections
(v) Pneumonia
(vi) Meningitis.

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109.

What are antibodies? How do they fight a bacterium?

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110.

Define spectrum. Give two examples of each of:
(a) narrow-spectrum antibiotics
(b) broad-spectrum antibiotics.

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