Short Answer TypeState the function along with one example each of:
(i) Antihistamines, (ii) Antioxidants
Why should aspirin cannot be taken on an empty stomach? What does it contain chemically? Draw its structure.
Why is it essential to test the patients for “allergy to penicillin”, before it is administered?
How do antipyretic and analgesic compounds help in cases of common sickness ? Give an example for each.
Describe the following with example in each case:
(i) Antioxidants.
(ii) Biodegradable detergents.
Describe the following with example in each case:
(i) Preservatives
(ii) Tranquilizers.
Long Answer TypeDefine the following and given one example of each:
(i) Anti-histamines
(ii) Disinfectants
(iii) Antacids.
(i) Anti-histamines: It is the group of drugs which counteract the effect of histamine in the body. These are also called anti-allergic drugs. Allergic reactions are caused due to liberation histamine in the body that is why these drugs are called antihistamines. These are used to treat allergy e.g., skin rashes, conjunctivitis and rhinitis (inflammation of nasal mucosa). Commonly drugs of this group are diphenyl hydramine, chloropheni-ramine, promethazine etc. Some other commonly used antihistamines are: trimeton and benadryl etc.
(ii) Disinfectants: Disinfectants kill microorganisms, but are not safe for living tissues. These are applied to inanimate objects such as floors, drainage systems, instruments etc. Example: one percent solution of phenol, chlorine in a concentration of 0.2 to 0.4 parts per million etc.
(iii) Antacids: Substances which remove the excess acid and raise the pH to an appropriate level in the stomach are called antacids. Magnesium hydroxide, magnesium carbonate, magnesium trisilicate, aluminium hydroxide gel, sodium bicarbonate and aluminium phosphate are commonly used as antacid.
Switch
