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Equilibrium

Short Answer Type

51. Can equilibrium be achieved between water and its vapour in an open vessel? Explain your answer and say what happens eventually.

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Long Answer Type

52. A vessel has two compartments connected at the top. In one compartment (B), radioactive methyl iodide (CH₃I) is placed and in the other (A) normal methyl iodide (CH₃I) is placed. Will the vaporus over (A) and (B) become radioactive?
Will the radioactivity spread to the liquid in the compartment A? Discuss in terms of dynamic nature of the equilibrium between vapours and its liquid.

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53. A liquid is in equilibrium with its vapours in a sealed container at a fixed temperature. The volume of the container is suddenly increased.

(i) What is the initial effect of the change on the vapour pressure?

(ii) How do the rates of evaporation and condensation change pressure?

(iii) What happens when equilibrium is restored finally and what will be the Final vapour pressure?

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54. What are reversible and irreversible reactions? Give examples.

Reversible reactions: Reactions which proceed in both directions are called reversible reactions. In a reversible reaction, the reactants are changed into products and simultaneously the products are changed into reactants. A reversible reaction is shown by using two half arrows in opposite direction . In a reversible reaction, the reaction proceeding from left to right (reactants that give the products) is called forward reaction. The reaction proceeding from right to left (products that give back the reactants) is called a backwards reaction. The reversible reaction generally proceeds in a closed vessel. This prevents the escape of the products. Example of reversible reaction are:

Irreversible reactions: A chemical reaction is said to be irreversible if reactants are changed into products (proceeds only in the forward direction) but the products do not combine to form the reactants. These reactions are indicated by a single arrow in a chemical equation. Examples of irreversible reactions are:
(i) Burning of magnesium

(ii) Decomposition of potassium chlorate.
(iii) The reaction between hydrogen and oxygen to form water vapours.