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Equilibrium

Short Answer Type

51. Can equilibrium be achieved between water and its vapour in an open vessel? Explain your answer and say what happens eventually.

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Long Answer Type

52. A vessel has two compartments connected at the top. In one compartment (B), radioactive methyl iodide (CH₃I) is placed and in the other (A) normal methyl iodide (CH₃I) is placed. Will the vaporus over (A) and (B) become radioactive?
Will the radioactivity spread to the liquid in the compartment A? Discuss in terms of dynamic nature of the equilibrium between vapours and its liquid.

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53. A liquid is in equilibrium with its vapours in a sealed container at a fixed temperature. The volume of the container is suddenly increased.

(i) What is the initial effect of the change on the vapour pressure?

(ii) How do the rates of evaporation and condensation change pressure?

(iii) What happens when equilibrium is restored finally and what will be the Final vapour pressure?

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54. What are reversible and irreversible reactions? Give examples.

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55. Write a short note on the concept of chemical equilibrium.

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56. How will you recognise the equilibrium state?

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Short Answer Type

57. A reversible reaction attains equilibrium of dynamic nature. Explain.

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58. How will you demonstrate the dynamic nature of equilibrium state?

Take a vessel with a hole in it.

Plug the hole and fill it half with water from a water tap. Now remove the plug and simultaneously adjust the run in the tap so that the rates of out-flow and in-flow of water are equal. The level of water inside the vessel remains constant though water is flowing into and out of the vessel. This is a state of dynamic equilibrium.

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Long Answer Type

59. Comment on the statement: Equilibrium can be approached from either direction.

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60. Describe in brief the characteristics of chemical equilibrium.

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