5 mL of 0.4 N NaOH is mixed with 20 mL of 0.1 N HCl.The pH of the resulting solution will be
7
8
5
6
The pH of the solution obtained by mixing 100 ml of a solution of pH = 3 with 400 mL of a solution of pH = 4 is
7 - log 2.8
4 - log 2.8
5 - log 2.8
3 - log 2.8
The equilibrium constant of the reaction
A (s) + 2B2+ (aq) A2+ (aq) + 2B (s);
E
2 × 102
3 × 102
2 × 105
10
An example for a neutral buffer is
ammonium hydroxide and ammonium chloride
acetic acid and sodium acetate
acetic acid and ammonium hydroxide
citric acid and sodium citrate
For Cr2O + 14 H+ + 6e- → 2Cr3+ + 7H2O; E° = 1.33 V. At [Cr2O] = 4.5 millimole, [Cr3+] = 15 millimole, E is 1.067 V. The pH of the solution is nearly equal to
2
3
5
4
For the equilibrium,
CaCO3 (s) CaO (s) + CO2 (g) ;
Kp = 1.64 atm at 1000 K
50 g of CaCO3 in a 10 L closed vessel is heated to 1000 K. Percentage of CaCO3 that remains unreacted at equilibrium is (Given, R = 0.082 L atm K-1 mol-1).
40
50
60
20
The acid strength of active methylene group in
I. CH3COCH2COOC2H5
II. CH3COCH2COCH3
III. C2H5OOCCH2COOC2H5
decreases as
I > III > II
I > II > III
II > I > III
III > I > II
C.
II > I > III
Acid strength in active methylene compounds can be decided by two factors
(i) Presence of electron withdrawing group
(ii) Stability of enolate anion obtained after removal of H+.
Higher the electron withdrawing ability of substituents attached to electron withdrawing groups higher will be acidic strength of methylene group.
Also, stability of enolate anion obtained after the removal of H+ can be explained as keto group stablises enolate anion to more extent than ester as ketone group stabilise enolate anion by resonance through one side only while ester stablises by both side of keto group.
Therefore, the correct order of acidity is II > I > III.