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71.
What is water gas? How will you prepare hydrogen from water gas?
Or
How is dihydrogen prepared on a commercial scale?

Water gas is a mixture of CO and H₂ in the ratio of 1 : 1 by volume. It is prepared by passing steam over red-hot coke (carbon at 1270 K).

(i) From water gas, hydrogen is prepared, by Bosch process. Here water gas is mixed with steam and passed over a heated catalyst (Fe₂O₃ + Cr₂O₃) at 770 K when carbon monoxide is oxidised to carbon dioxide.

The resulting gaseous mixture (CO₂ and H₂) is passed into cold water under a pressure of the 20-25 atmosphere. Under this pressure, CO₂ goes into the solution while dihydrogen gas is left behind and collected.

(ii) By liquefaction: Water gas is cooled under pressure when CO gets liquefied while dihydrogen gas passes out.

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Short Answer Type

72. What do you understand by the term syngas?

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73.

How can the production of dihydrogen, obtained from 'coal gasification' be increased?

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74.

What do you understand by the term:
water-gas shift reaction.

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75.

How will you prepare hydrogen commercially from hydrocarbons?
Or
What is understood by ‘water gas shift reaction’? Discuss its use for the preparation of hydrogen.

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76.

Describe the bulk preparation of hydrogen by an electrolytic method. What is the role of electrolyte in this process?
Or
How is dihydrogen manufactured by the electrolysis of water?

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